HymenopteraCrabronidae2 data sources

Bee Wolf

Philanthus triangulum

This record describes Philanthus triangulum (species). Recorded family: Crabronidae. Recorded order: Hymenoptera.

Identification and Appearance

Bee Wolf - Philanthus triangulum

The Bee Wolf is one of the largest (up to 17 mm) and most spectacular solitary wasp species in Britain. It can be distinguished by the unfolded wings and thickened antennae. The abdomen and face are extensively yellow and the back of the head behind the eyes is reddish-brown. The wing venation will confirm identification. Most solitary bees and wasps are difficult to identify, and can rarely be identified from photos taken in the field. All red-rated records should include a photo or set of photos of the specimen, illustrating the key characters taken from a standard key, which should also be referenced (e.g. ‘Falk, 2015’). The full set of key characters are generally not visible in field photos and photos are rarely sharp enough. To aid in the verification of your records, please include face shot, side, top and wings. The notes should state whether male or female, and explain how the specimen met the key characters. Although NS may not be able to identify the species even if these reference photos are provided, the photos will be stored with the record and may allow it be identified in future. Alternatively, NS will accept records identified by a recognised local or national expert, or that have been identified via BWARS Facebook Group . If you have obtained this advice, please note the name of the person/organisation identifying the record in the ‘determiner’ field (e.g. ‘Stuart Roberts, BWARS Facebook’) rather than just a comment of ‘BWARS Facebook’. Generally, sand dunes and lowland heaths. However, nesting aggregations have recently been found in a park in Ipswich, Suffolk, and on the Battersea Bridge roundabout, Greater London. The major prey species throughout the world range of this wasp is the worker honey bee (Apis mellifera). In the 1990s this species was considered to be one of the great aculeate rarities in Britain. Records for the last few years indicate that currently the species is increasingly common in a steadily increasing number of sites in southern England.

Wikipedia reference for Philanthus triangulum: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_beewolf.

Classification

Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
Arthropoda
Class
Insecta
Genus
Philanthus

Imported taxonomy record. Source availability varies; see the source references and editorial policy below.

Habitat and Range

Habitat

Generally, sand dunes and lowland heaths. However, nesting aggregations have recently been found in a park in Ipswich, Suffolk, and on the Battersea Bridge roundabout, Greater London.

Seasonal Activity

From early July to mid September.

Diet and Behavior

Life History

The major prey species throughout the world range of this wasp is the worker honey bee (Apis mellifera).

Additional species information

Recorded status

In the 1990s this species was considered to be one of the great aculeate rarities in Britain. Records for the last few years indicate that currently the species is increasingly common in a steadily increasing number of sites in southern England.

About Flies: the wider group

Order-level background for Hymenoptera, the group containing Philanthus triangulum. Species-specific details appear above.

Group overview

Hymenoptera includes over 150,000 described species of ants, bees, wasps, and sawflies. Earth harbors approximately 20 quadrillion (20×10^15) ants, with a combined biomass of ~12 megatons of dry carbon - exceeding the combined biomass of all wild birds and mammals (PNAS, 2022).

Ecological role of the group

About 35% of the world's food crops depend on animal pollinators. The chocolate industry, valued at over $100 billion, depends on pollinating flies and midges. Ants are the dominant soil engineers in most terrestrial ecosystems, turning more soil than earthworms in many habitats.

Economic and practical significance of the group

Pollinators contribute $235-577 billion worth of annual global food production (FAO). In the U.S., bee pollination alone benefits crops valued at $18 billion annually, and honey bees are responsible for $5.4 billion in agricultural productivity. Between April 2023-2024, 55.1% of managed honey bee colonies were lost. The U.S. bee population dropped from 5 million to 2.5 million.

Recorded sources for this group: FAO, USDA, EPA, PNAS (2022), US Fish & Wildlife Service. Imported estimates may describe particular regions or reporting periods.

Explore Hymenoptera families and species →

Photos of Bee Wolf (3)

Bee Wolf - photo 1
Bee Wolf - photo 2
Bee Wolf - photo 3

Frequently Asked Questions About Bee Wolf

What is Bee Wolf?

Bee Wolf (Philanthus triangulum) is a species in the family Crabronidae, within the order Hymenoptera.

Where is Bee Wolf found?

Habitat: Generally, sand dunes and lowland heaths. However, nesting aggregations have recently been found in a park in Ipswich, Suffolk, and on the Battersea Bridge roundabout, Greater London.

When is Bee Wolf active?

Bee Wolf: seasonal activity - From early July to mid September..

What is the life cycle of a Bee Wolf?

The major prey species throughout the world range of this wasp is the worker honey bee (Apis mellifera).