Alien Probole - Hodges#6837
Probole alienaria
This record describes Probole alienaria (species). Recorded family: Geometridae. Recorded order: Lepidoptera.
Identification and Appearance
DO NOT ADD IMAGES TO THIS TAXON. For now, all Probole images should be placed under Probole amicaria . See info below and comments in the Moth Forum here . After revision and DNA work (among numerous other approaches) on the genus by Tim Tomon, it was determined that there is only a single Probole species in North America , and so they have been lumped under the senior name, amicaria . At this point, there is no longer any separate species of nepiasaria , alienaria or nyssaria . The full publication of his revision doesn't appear to be available yet, correspondence directly with Tim indicates the revision is official. There is this 2007 abstract of the research and forthcoming revision paper: http://esa.confex.com/esa/2007/techprogram/paper_31679.htm ; Which in part states, Molecular studies measured sequence divergence in the mitochondrial COI gene from various geographical regions, seasonal broods, and morphological types. Several morphological types were reared from isofemale cultures, indicating a lack of support for a classification that includes more than one species. COI sequence data show relatively low intrageneric divergence ( < 2.8%) when compared to other closely related geometrid moths, again indicating a lack of support for recognition of more than one species. As a result of these findings, the genus Probole is treated as containing a single, highly variable species, Probole amicaria (Herrich-Schäffer).
Classification
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Phylum
- Arthropoda
- Class
- Insecta
- Order
- Lepidoptera (Butterflies and Moths)
- Superfamily
- Geometroidea
- Family
- Geometridae (Geometrid Moths)
- Subfamily
- Ennominae
- Tribe
- Anagogini
- Genus
- Probole
Imported taxonomy record. Source availability varies; see the source references and editorial policy below.
Habitat and Range
Habitat
throughout the United States and southern Canada
About Butterflies and Moths: the wider group
Order-level background for Lepidoptera, the group containing Probole alienaria. Species-specific details appear above.
Group overview
Lepidoptera includes approximately 180,000 described species of butterflies and moths. Moths outnumber butterflies roughly 10:1. The monarch butterfly's eastern population has declined by more than 80% since the mid-1990s, and the western population by over 95% since the 1980s. The IUCN lists the migratory monarch as Vulnerable.
Ecological role of the group
Butterflies and moths are essential indicators of ecosystem health. As caterpillars, they are a primary food source for birds - a single nest of blue tit chicks requires ~10,000 caterpillars. Adult moths pollinate many night-blooming plants.
Economic and practical significance of the group
Lepidoptera are critical pollinators. In Europe, grassland butterfly species have declined by almost 50% since the early 1990s. In the UK, three-quarters of butterflies are in decline. In the U.S., five butterfly species have gone extinct since 1950, with 29 listed as endangered.
Recorded sources for this group: IUCN Red List, Xerces Society, USFWS, PNAS, WWF. Imported estimates may describe particular regions or reporting periods.
Frequently Asked Questions About Alien Probole - Hodges#6837
What is Alien Probole - Hodges#6837?
Alien Probole - Hodges#6837 (Probole alienaria) is a species in the family Geometridae, within the order Lepidoptera.
How big is Alien Probole - Hodges#6837?
wingspan about 25-27 mm
Where is Alien Probole - Hodges#6837 found?
Habitat: throughout the United States and southern Canada
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