White Pine Shoot-borer - Hodges#3066
Eucopina gloriola
This record describes Eucopina gloriola (species). Recorded family: Tortricidae. Recorded order: Lepidoptera.
Identification and Appearance
Heinrich (1931) original description as Eucosma gloriola is online in the print references. Considered a serious pest beacuse the larvae damage the shoots of conifers.
Classification
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Phylum
- Arthropoda
- Class
- Insecta
- Order
- Lepidoptera (Butterflies and Moths)
- Superfamily
- Tortricoidea
- Family
- Tortricidae (Tortricid Moths)
- Subfamily
- Olethreutinae
- Tribe
- Eucosmini
- Genus
- Eucopina
Imported taxonomy record. Source availability varies; see the source references and editorial policy below.
Habitat and Range
Seasonal Activity
The main flight period is April to July.
Diet and Behavior
Diet: Eastern white, jack, red, Scotch, Austrian, and mugho pines.
Life History
Eggs are laid on needle sheaths on new shoots or laterals during May and early June. Young larvae bore into the pith a few inches above the node of the new shoot and construct tunnels several inches long toward the tip. Infested shoots are eventually girdled from the inside. The full-grown larva bores a hole to the outside then drops to the ground. There is spins a pupation cocoon in the litter or just below the soil surface. Overwinters as a pupa.
About Butterflies and Moths: the wider group
Order-level background for Lepidoptera, the group containing Eucopina gloriola. Species-specific details appear above.
Group overview
Lepidoptera includes approximately 180,000 described species of butterflies and moths. Moths outnumber butterflies roughly 10:1. The monarch butterfly's eastern population has declined by more than 80% since the mid-1990s, and the western population by over 95% since the 1980s. The IUCN lists the migratory monarch as Vulnerable.
Ecological role of the group
Butterflies and moths are essential indicators of ecosystem health. As caterpillars, they are a primary food source for birds - a single nest of blue tit chicks requires ~10,000 caterpillars. Adult moths pollinate many night-blooming plants.
Economic and practical significance of the group
Lepidoptera are critical pollinators. In Europe, grassland butterfly species have declined by almost 50% since the early 1990s. In the UK, three-quarters of butterflies are in decline. In the U.S., five butterfly species have gone extinct since 1950, with 29 listed as endangered.
Recorded sources for this group: IUCN Red List, Xerces Society, USFWS, PNAS, WWF. Imported estimates may describe particular regions or reporting periods.
Photos of White Pine Shoot-borer - Hodges#3066 (5)
Photo credits: Contributed by tom murray; Additional contributions by Beatriz Moisset , Maury Heiman , Randy Hardy , Marci Hess , Kyhl Austin
Frequently Asked Questions About White Pine Shoot-borer - Hodges#3066
What is White Pine Shoot-borer - Hodges#3066?
White Pine Shoot-borer - Hodges#3066 (Eucopina gloriola) is a species in the family Tortricidae, within the order Lepidoptera.
How big is White Pine Shoot-borer - Hodges#3066?
Heinrich (1931) listed the wingspans 12-15 mm.
How do you identify White Pine Shoot-borer - Hodges#3066?
Heinrich (1931) original description as Eucosma gloriola is online in the print references.
What does White Pine Shoot-borer - Hodges#3066 eat?
The diet of the White Pine Shoot-borer - Hodges#3066 includes Eastern white, jack, red, Scotch, Austrian, and mugho pines..
When is White Pine Shoot-borer - Hodges#3066 active?
White Pine Shoot-borer - Hodges#3066: seasonal activity - The main flight period is April to July..
What is the life cycle of a White Pine Shoot-borer - Hodges#3066?
Eggs are laid on needle sheaths on new shoots or laterals during May and early June. Young larvae bore into the pith a few inches above the node of the new shoot and construct tunnels several inches long toward the tip. Infested shoots are eventually girdled from the inside. The full-grown larva bores a hole to the outside then drops to the ground. There is spins a pupation cocoon in the litter or just below the soil surface. Overwinters as a pupa.