Grape Phylloxera
Daktulosphaira vitifoliae
This record describes Daktulosphaira vitifoliae (species). Recorded family: Phylloxeridae. Recorded order: Hemiptera.
Identification and Appearance
Adults of different generations are winged or wingless crawlers. The majority of grape phylloxera adults are wingless females. They can be oval or pear shaped. Serious pest of grapevines worldwide Currently there is no cure for phylloxera and unlike other grape diseases such as powdery or downy mildew, there is no chemical control or response. The only successful means of controlling phylloxera has been the grafting of phylloxera-resistant American rootstock (usually hybrid varieties created from the Vitis berlandieri, Vitis riparia and Vitis rupestris species) to more susceptible European vinifera vines Two forms that either attack the root (radicicola) or the foliage (gallicola).
Wikipedia reference for Daktulosphaira vitifoliae: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phylloxera.
Classification
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Phylum
- Arthropoda
- Class
- Insecta
- Order
- Hemiptera (True Bugs, Cicadas, Hoppers, Aphids and Allies)
- Suborder
- Sternorrhyncha
- Superfamily
- Phylloxeroidea
- Family
- Phylloxeridae
- Genus
- Daktulosphaira
Imported taxonomy record. Source availability varies; see the source references and editorial policy below.
Habitat and Range
Geographic Range
e. NA, and sw US (s. CA to w. TX), introduced across Europe and se. Australia - Map (GBIF)
Diet and Behavior
Diet: found on native species of Vitis
Life History
Phylloxera has a complex life-cycle of up to 18 stages, that can be divided into four principal forms: sexual form, leaf form, root form, and winged form. secondary fungal infections can girdle roots, gradually cutting off the flow of nutrients and water to the vine.
About True Bugs, Cicadas, Hoppers, Aphids and Allies: the wider group
Order-level background for Hemiptera, the group containing Daktulosphaira vitifoliae. Species-specific details appear above.
Group overview
Hemiptera (true bugs) includes over 80,000 described species across cicadas, aphids, leafhoppers, shield bugs, and bed bugs. Aphids alone cost global agriculture an estimated $2.5 billion annually in crop losses.
Ecological role of the group
Many Hemiptera are essential food sources for birds and predatory insects. Cicadas provide massive nutrient pulses during emergence events - a single Brood X emergence can involve trillions of individuals across 15 states.
Economic and practical significance of the group
The brown marmorated stink bug (Halyomorpha halys) caused $37 million in apple crop losses in a single year in the U.S. Mid-Atlantic region. Bed bug infestations in the U.S. increased by 500% between 2001-2010, costing the hotel industry hundreds of millions annually.
Recorded sources for this group: USDA, EPA, University research. Imported estimates may describe particular regions or reporting periods.
Photos of Grape Phylloxera (3)
Photo credits: Contributed by Charley Eiseman; Additional contributions by Beatriz Moisset , Mike Quinn , v belov
Frequently Asked Questions About Grape Phylloxera
What is Grape Phylloxera?
Grape Phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae) is a species in the family Phylloxeridae, within the order Hemiptera.
How do you identify Grape Phylloxera?
Adults of different generations are winged or wingless crawlers. The majority of grape phylloxera adults are wingless females. They can be oval or pear shaped.
Where is Grape Phylloxera found?
Range: e. NA, and sw US (s. CA to w. TX), introduced across Europe and se. Australia - Map (GBIF)
What does Grape Phylloxera eat?
The diet of the Grape Phylloxera includes found on native species of Vitis.
What is the life cycle of a Grape Phylloxera?
Phylloxera has a complex life-cycle of up to 18 stages, that can be divided into four principal forms: sexual form, leaf form, root form, and winged form. secondary fungal infections can girdle roots, gradually cutting off the flow of nutrients and water to the vine.