Andricus quercusfrondosus
This record describes Andricus quercusfrondosus (species). Recorded family: Cynipidae. Recorded order: Hymenoptera.
Identification and Appearance
Galls are globular, smooth, surrounded by bracts which persist and enlarge after gall drops in June. . . Galls attacked by guests [inquilines] do not drop, the bud scales enlarge and this 'frondosa' mass is conspicuous in winter but yields only guests in May. The maker emerges from galls that drop in the spring but normal date of emergence is not known.
Classification
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Phylum
- Arthropoda
- Class
- Insecta
- Order
- Hymenoptera (Ants, Bees, Wasps and Sawflies)
- Superfamily
- Cynipoidea
- Family
- Cynipidae (Gall Wasps)
- Tribe
- Cynipini
- Genus
- Andricus
Imported taxonomy record. Source availability varies; see the source references and editorial policy below.
Diet and Behavior
Diet: Quercus bicolor, Q. stellata, Q. alba, Q. macrocarpa
About Flies: the wider group
Order-level background for Hymenoptera, the group containing Andricus quercusfrondosus. Species-specific details appear above.
Group overview
Hymenoptera includes over 150,000 described species of ants, bees, wasps, and sawflies. Earth harbors approximately 20 quadrillion (20×10^15) ants, with a combined biomass of ~12 megatons of dry carbon - exceeding the combined biomass of all wild birds and mammals (PNAS, 2022).
Ecological role of the group
About 35% of the world's food crops depend on animal pollinators. The chocolate industry, valued at over $100 billion, depends on pollinating flies and midges. Ants are the dominant soil engineers in most terrestrial ecosystems, turning more soil than earthworms in many habitats.
Economic and practical significance of the group
Pollinators contribute $235-577 billion worth of annual global food production (FAO). In the U.S., bee pollination alone benefits crops valued at $18 billion annually, and honey bees are responsible for $5.4 billion in agricultural productivity. Between April 2023-2024, 55.1% of managed honey bee colonies were lost. The U.S. bee population dropped from 5 million to 2.5 million.
Recorded sources for this group: FAO, USDA, EPA, PNAS (2022), US Fish & Wildlife Service. Imported estimates may describe particular regions or reporting periods.
Photos of Andricus quercusfrondosus (5)
Photo credits: Contributed by Charley Eiseman